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Nitrofurans are broad-spectrum antibiotics that kill most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. They act on the microbial enzyme system, inhibit acetyl-CoA, interfere with the metabolism of microbial sugars, and thus inhibit bacteria. Nitrofurans have been widely used in livestock and aquaculture to treat enteritis, acne, red fin disease, ulcer disease caused by Escherichia coli or Salmonella.

Nitrofurans are commonly found in the following four types: furazolidone, furantrone, nitrofurantoin, and nitrofurazone. Nitrofurans are all yellow powders with stable nature and are odorless or slightly bitter. Furazolidone is hardly soluble in water and ethanol. Furancillin is hardly soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. Nitrofurantoin is almost insoluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. The nitrofuran prototype drug is rapidly metabolized in the living body, and its metabolites are AOZ, AMOZ, AHD, SEM, and protein binding are quite stable. Therefore, the detection of metabolites is often used to reflect the residual state of nitrofuran drugs.

Due to their low price and good effect, nitrofurans are widely used in livestock and aquaculture to treat enteritis, acne, red fin disease and ulcer disease caused by Escherichia coli or Salmonella. Because nitrofurans and their metabolites are carcinogenic and teratogenic to humans, nitrofurans have been banned in livestock and poultry and animal foods in some countries, and nitrofurans in aquatic products are strictly enforced. Residue detection.